Building ‘No Wallet’ Experiences: When Chain Abstraction Is the Product

A Practical Guide to Designing “No Wallet” User Journeys

In this guide, we’re going to explore how to craft “no wallet” user experiences. The idea here is to make the complicated world of blockchain fade into the background, so your product feels smooth and easy to use. Let’s make it simple and intuitive for everyone!

Let’s dive into the 2025 toolkit! Here's what you can expect:

7702 smart EOAs
ERC‑4337
Session keys
Paymasters

On top of that, we’ll dive into some real architectural patterns you can actually use. We’ll also chat about costs and share some super useful rollout checklists to help make your journey a whole lot easier.

TL;DR (for decision‑makers)

Hey there! So, the Ethereum Pectra upgrade dropped on May 7, 2025, and it’s pretty exciting. This update has made “smart EOA” flows through EIP-7702 completely ready for prime time. What this means is that you can stick with your current address while upgrading to a way cooler account experience. We're talking about features like batching, gasless transactions, and the ability to customize permissions to fit your needs. Pretty neat, right? When you throw in the ERC-4337 setup along with passkeys, USDC gas paymasters, and cross-chain liquidity routers, it creates this super smooth onboarding experience that feels just like using a web app. You can forget about all those annoying wallet pop-ups and the hassle of switching chains! Take a look at ethereum.org when you get a chance!

Hey there! If you're thinking about rolling out a “no wallet” MVP, guess what? You can totally make it happen in just 3 to 6 weeks using Base or Polygon. Just tap into passkeys and embedded smart accounts, and you'll be on your way! You'll have some cool choices for USDC gas, whether you want it sponsored or if you’d rather cover the costs yourself. Plus, getting started is a breeze with one-click funding through Stripe Onramp and transaction intents. It's really that simple! Usually, the gas fee for each transaction on Base is less than a cent, which is pretty impressive! A quick note: you're looking at a price of 1-1 cent on Polygon's PoS. Hey there! So, if you decide to activate USDC gas with Circle Paymaster, just a heads up that users will usually notice a 10% markup on the gas fees. But the good news? That extra charge is off the table until June 30, 2025. Pretty sweet deal, right? If you want to dive deeper into the details, check out basescan.org. There’s a lot of good info there!

1) What “no wallet” actually means in 2025

When we say “no wallet,” we don’t mean there’s actually no wallet there. Basically, it means that your wallet and the blockchain are smoothly blended into how users interact with your product.

We’ve moved on from using seed phrases! Now, we're focusing on passkey sign-ins with WebAuthn/FIDO2, and you can even use a quick biometric tap to confirm those important actions. Wallets like Coinbase Smart Wallet and Safe are all set to use passkeys right from the get-go. On top of that, FIDO’s released some design guidelines to help everyone stay on the same page. If you're curious, take a look at this link: (help.coinbase.com). It's got all the info you need!

So, behind the curtain, we’ve got these clever accounts doing their thing. They’re either using ERC-4337 accounts or 7702 “smart EOAs.” What’s cool is that they delegate to some smart contract logic for each transaction, making everything run smoothly. This way, you can hold on to the address you already know and love, all while enjoying a super smooth web app experience! Check out the details right here: ethereum.org. It's got all the info you need!

Next up, we’ve got session keys and delegated permissions. These are basically temporary keys or permissions that your wallet gives out. They're usually tied to a specific time frame, certain contracts, and have some spending limits. They’re really handy for things like gaming, subscriptions, and all those little behind-the-scenes tasks. We're starting to notice a bit of consistency with the ERC-6900/7579 modules and the ERC-7715 permission processes. If you want to dive deeper into this topic, feel free to check this out: eips.ethereum.org. It’s got a ton of useful info!

Hey, have you heard about gas abstraction? It's pretty awesome! Users can choose to have their gas fees sponsored or, if they prefer, pay for them using USDC through a paymaster. One popular option for this is the Circle Paymaster, and it works seamlessly across major EVMs. How neat is that? If you want to dive deeper, check this out: circle.com. It’s got all the info you need!

Finally, let’s talk about chain abstraction. This feature lets you handle one account and balance across various chains without a hitch. It’s pretty cool because all the automatic routing and bridging happens seamlessly in the background--kind of like how Particle Network Universal Accounts work. It really simplifies things! Take a look at this link: (developers.particle.network). You’ll find some really interesting stuff there!

So, why should we care right now? It all boils down to Pectra's EIP‑7702 working hand in hand with the solid ERC‑4337 framework. Together, they're really making hybrid EOAs more practical and accessible for everyone.
On top of that, the ecosystem is really starting to click, thanks to some great developments like bundlers, paymasters, passkeys, and cross-chain liquidity. It's awesome to see how far these elements have come! Take a look at this: (ethereum.org). It's worth checking out!

2) The 2025 stack that powers “no wallet” UX

Identity and Auth
Passkeys (FIDO/WebAuthn): Imagine logging in without the hassle! With device biometrics and cross-device syncing through iCloud, Google, Microsoft, or 1Password, it’s all super easy. It's really important to follow FIDO’s UX guidelines, especially when it comes to stuff like language, recovery options, and multi-device support. If you're interested, take a look at this link: (fidoalliance.org). It's worth checking out!

If you’re diving into wallets, you might want to check out some great options like Privy, Dynamic, and Web3Auth. They’ve got a lot to offer, like passkey and MPC setups, plus multi-factor authentication and some cool policy controls. Definitely worth considering! Privy really shines when it comes to revealing session signers and managing keys supported by Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) for those high-traffic applications. Check out all the details right here: (docs.privy.io). It’s definitely worth a look!

Accounts and Permissions Hey, we've got some pretty exciting things happening with ERC-4337 smart accounts! Plus, there’s also the 7702 “smart EOAs,” and some neat modular standards like ERC-6900 and ERC-7579 coming into play. Can't wait to see how these developments unfold! So, we're diving into pluggable validators, executors, and hooks here--basically, think of them like passkeys, session keys, and spending limits. Take a look at this: (eips.ethereum.org). You won’t want to miss it!
Next up, we have what’s called delegated execution. With ERC-7715, there's a fresh new feature called wallet_grantPermissions. This cool addition lets apps request scoped sessions directly from wallets, making things a lot smoother. MetaMask has really gotten into the game with their Smart Accounts Kit. This new tool combines 7702 with those delegations in an exciting way! More details here: (eips.ethereum.org).
Transaction Pipeline Hey, make sure to have a look at the Bundlers (you know, the ERC‑4337 alt‑mempool) along with EntryPoint v0. It’s worth your time! 7/v0. Wow, that's awesome! You have the option to either go with a vendor or take the DIY route and set one up by yourself. Hey, before you make your decision, don’t forget to check out the conformance dashboards! They can really help you out. (docs.erc4337.io). Hey there! If you're on the hunt for gas sponsorship or maybe some token-gas like USDC, you're in luck--paymasters have got you covered! The Circle Paymaster is live and kicking on seven different chains, and guess what? They're only charging a 10% fee on gas for users, but here’s the cool part: that fee is totally waived until June 30, 2025. How awesome is that? Oh, and let’s not forget about Pimlico and a few others that have programmable paymasters available too. (circle.com).
Funding and Offramps
Stripe Onramp is designed to simplify things for you! It supports USDC on both Base and Polygon, so you can easily manage your transactions. Plus, it even offers Apple Pay and ACH for payments, and it comes with webhooked KYC to keep everything seamless. How cool is that? Coinbase Onramp is also part of the lineup, and guess what? It now supports Apple Pay! This means you can just pop an "Add $10" option right in your product--no more dealing with those frustrating exchange detours! (docs.stripe.com).
Cross‑chain liquidity
CCTP V2, which is all about burning and minting USDC, has really upped the game! It’s amazing how it slashes settlement times to just a few seconds on compatible chains. This is super cool for rebalancing backgrounds and figuring out intents! Take a look at this: circle.com. It's worth checking out! So, guess what? UniswapX and Across have joined forces to roll out ERC-7683 for cross-chain intents. It's pretty exciting! And with the new UniswapX RFQ v2, you can expect to get those instant fills like never before. It's a game changer! Check out all the juicy details right here: (blog.uniswap.org). You'll find everything you need to know!

3) Three production‑ready blueprints (with details you can act on)

Blueprint A: Consumer app on Base with passkeys, 7702, and USDC gas

Ideal for: new consumer apps--think social networks, games, and marketplaces--that want to attract users in the US and beyond.

Flow First off, kick things off by using passkey login. This will help you instantly set up a 7702 smart EOA or an ERC‑4337 account without any hassle. You can totally use the MetaMask Smart Accounts Kit, or if you prefer, check out Safe or Privy for some embedded wallet options. Take a look at this: (docs.metamask.io). You’ll find some really helpful info there!

The cool part is that your first action doesn’t even require gas, all thanks to your paymaster! Once you're all set, just choose “Pay gas with USDC.” When you bring the Circle Paymaster into the mix, you can start charging users directly within the app--no need for any ETH at all!
More info at: (circle.com).
So, when you hit that “Add funds” button, the Stripe Onramp takes care of the USDC on Base for you. You can make payments with Apple Pay or ACH, and once everything goes through, you'll receive a webhook to keep you in the loop. Learn more here: (docs.stripe.com).
If you've got your own wallet and you're pretty savvy about it, you can always just stick with the usual connect method. It's a breeze! With the 7702 setup, they can hang onto their address and still take advantage of those cool batch and sponsorship features. Dive deeper at: (ethereum.org).

Pricing (as of late November 2025). So, if you're checking out things like an ERC-20 transfer on Basescan, it usually costs about $0. So, for around $0, you can get a swap.

000126. So, basically, when it comes to helping a user reach that "aha moment"--you know, the one where everything clicks for them--it typically costs less than a dollar. And that usually happens with just two writes and one quick approval all rolled into one! Just a heads up, we’re at 001 in gas over on Base. Feel free to take a look at the details over at basescan.org. It’s got all the info you need! Hey, just a heads up! If you’re thinking about letting users pay with USDC, remember that Circle usually adds on an extra 10% for gas fees. But here’s some good news: they’re waiving that fee until June 30, 2025! So, you’ve got some time to figure things out without the extra cost. So, that $0. The gas fee for 001 is actually going to be $0. 0011. If you want to dive deeper into this, just check out circle.com. There's a lot of useful info waiting for you there!

Implementation Notes Feel free to dive in and use viem along with permissionless.js to collect and send those UserOperations! You can either set up your own bundler or paymaster if you're feeling up to it, or you can just go with a managed option if that suits you better. It’s all about what works best for you! Take a look here: (github.com). You won't want to miss it! Hey, when you're working with passkeys, just remember to follow the FIDO guidelines. They’ve got some handy cross-device tips that can really help out! If you're using iOS, Android, or Windows, I'd definitely suggest going with cloud-synced passkeys. They make recovering your info a breeze! If you're looking for more details, you can check it out here: fidoalliance.org.

Blueprint B: “One balance, any chain” via chain abstraction

Ideal for: trading platforms, digital wallets, or games that need to keep in touch with users, regardless of where their assets are kept.

Flow

The user logs in with a passkey or by making a connection. Right now, you’ll want to create a smart account that’s chain-abstracted using Particle Universal Accounts.
(developers.particle.network). The SDK groups USDC, ETH, SOL, and BTC together as one main set of “primary assets.” It takes care of all the routes and bridges for every transaction, so you can totally forget about the backend stuff. Plus, it works seamlessly with both EVM and Solana! Check it out at developers.particle.network.
Users can easily interact on any supported chain without the headache of having to manually bridge anything. Oh, and get this: they let you pay gas fees in pretty much any token you want, and there are even gasless options out there! How cool is that? You can check it out for more details over at their website.

Why it matters
By integrating just once, you can connect with users on different chains, which really simplifies things. And hey, you can also pair this with UniswapX's cross-chain intents for super speedy settlements! You can take a look at it here: Uniswap Blog. Enjoy!
Caveats Just a heads up, you're teaming up with a chain-abstraction provider. If you want to keep things portable and make sure your signatures work well across different stacks, it’s smart to stick with the standards like ERC-4337, 6492, and 1271. Trust me, following these guidelines can save you a lot of headaches down the road! If you want to dive deeper into these standards, feel free to check them out here. It's a great resource!

Blueprint C: Enterprise “headless wallet” with policy controls and delegated sessions

Great for: fintech companies, loyalty apps, and SaaS platforms that involve on-chain activities.

Flow First things first, go ahead and log in using your SSO and passkeys. Next, go ahead and set up embedded wallets for each user with Privy. And hey, make sure to turn on multi-factor authentication (MFA) while you’re at it. It’s a good way to keep everything super secure! It’s super important to set up some server-side rules, like allowlists and transaction limits. These help keep everything running smoothly and securely. If you're looking for more info, feel free to check it out here.

Next, you'll want to use Privy session signers. This way, your backend can kick off actions that users have given the green light for--think things like recurring payouts or minting when they make a purchase. It's all about staying within the boundaries that users have set! If you're looking for all the details you need, just click on this link: docs.privy.io. It's got everything laid out for you!

Lastly, let's roll out a super convenient “one-click pay with USDC” option that starts an approved session for the user. You have the option to either cover the gas fees yourself or have them billed to you in USDC via a paymaster. Looking to explore further? Take a look at circle.com! You won’t be disappointed!

Why it matters
You can take advantage of cool web app features like subscriptions, background jobs, and scheduled mints without needing to commit to permanent custody.

4) Implementation deep‑dive: decisions that prevent rework

Account model Hey there! If you're on the hunt for “same address, new powers,” you definitely need to look into the 7702 smart EOAs from Pectra. They’re pretty cool! If you’re looking for some cool advanced features, check out ERC‑4337 smart accounts combined with those ERC‑6900/7579 modules. They’re a solid choice! These days, it seems like a lot of stacks are really getting behind both options. (ethereum.org).
Permissions and sessions
When ERC‑7715 is out, you'd want to stick with sessions that are managed through wallets. Basically, it’s about using wallet_grantPermissions and revoke features to keep things smooth. While we wait for broader support to kick in, why not think about using session keys with the 6900/7579 modules? You could try something similar to Alchemy's SessionKey plugin. It might just be the solution you need! Make sure you check these out based on the target contract, method selectors, spending limits, and expiration dates. It’s important to keep all that in mind! (eips.ethereum.org).
Gas policy Start by diving into some sponsored “aha” actions like posting, playing, and minting. Once that’s rolling, you can transition to using USDC for your gas fees. Great news! The Circle Paymaster is now live and kicking on several platforms, including Ethereum, Base, OP Mainnet, Arbitrum, Polygon PoS, Avalanche, and Unichain. Hey, make sure you take a look at the post-waiver fee model! (circle.com).
Bundlers and EntryPoint Why not check out the ERC-4337 bundler conformance dashboard? Just grab version 0, and you’re all set! 7 or v0. We've got 8 different ways to help you get your account all set up just right! And hey, make sure to keep an eye on any changes to EntryPoint addresses and versions from different providers! It's easy to overlook, but it’s super important. (docs.erc4337.io).
Cross‑chain
If you’re looking to transfer USDC, definitely check out CCTP V2 Fast Transfer. It focuses on super quick settlements that can happen in just seconds. And guess what? You can easily set up some cool post-transfer actions with Hooks! If you're looking to handle cross-chain swaps or payouts, just combine intents from UniswapX with CCTP to get your native USDC. It’s super simple! Take a look at this: circle.com. It’s pretty interesting!
Developer ergonomics Hey there! So, the viem and permissionless.js combo has really been gaining traction lately. It’s now seen as the go-to choice if you’re looking for the “least lock-in” option when it comes to Account Abstraction (AA). Pretty cool, right? A bunch of wallets, including the MetaMask Smart Accounts Kit, are rolling out viem adapters for those Hybrid/7702 accounts. Hey, take a look over on GitHub! You'll find some cool stuff there.

5) Costs, SLOs, and risk controls

Realistic gas Hey there! If you take a look at the featured actions on Basescan, you’ll notice that ERC-20 transfers are hanging out at around $0. Pretty neat, right? So, it looks like 000041 and swaps are hanging around the $0 mark.

000126. On Polygon PoS, you can generally count on typical transactions costing you less than a buck. According to what Polygonscan’s tracker is showing, it looks like we’re at 01. These numbers really make it simple for newcomers to dive in without emptying their wallets. (basescan.org).

Paymaster Economics If you're thinking about sponsoring gas, it’s a good idea to set some limits. Try to establish spending caps for each session, per address, and even on a daily basis. It’ll help you keep track of your costs and avoid any surprises! Hey, just a quick reminder to make sure you set up that auto-replenish for your paymaster stake. It’s super helpful! Also, it’s a good idea to run a few simulations before you hit that submit button--better safe than sorry, right? And don’t forget to watch out for any known griefing calldata to block. Stay sharp! Hey there! Just a heads-up for those of you who are giving USDC gas to your users (big shout-out to Circle for that!). Starting after June 30, 2025, you’ll need to factor in a 10% gas fee. So, make sure to keep that in mind as you plan ahead! (circle.com).
Onramp latencies Hey there! Just a quick heads-up: Stripe Onramp sends out webhooks for KYC and settlement. It’s a great idea to keep users in the loop from the get-go so they know what to expect. So, you could say something like, "The funds should pop up on Base in just a few seconds!" "Hey, if you want to dive into the details, just take a look right here: (docs.stripe.com)."
SLOs and Observability
Make sure to keep an eye on a few things: the rates of simulateValidation failures, how long it takes to include userOps, the balance runway for paymasters, and the times for cross-chain confirmations. It's good to stay on top of all these! Hey, just a quick reminder to make sure you run the ERC-4337 bundler test suite. It’s a good way to catch any potential issues after you upgrade EntryPoint or switch vendors. Better safe than sorry, right? If you’re looking for more details, just click here. It’s a good resource!

6) Security and compliance you should not ignore

Signature compatibility Hey there! Just a quick reminder: be sure to get ERC-1271 in place for those contract signatures and don't forget about ERC-6492 for counterfactual signatures--that's the stuff you want to handle before you hit that deploy button! With this setup, signing in and managing permissions will work smoothly whether you're dealing with smart contracts or regular user accounts (EOAs). Take a look at the details right here: (eips.ethereum.org). You'll find all the info you need!
Module Safety Hey there! If you're getting into ERC‑7579 modular accounts, I recommend doing a few registry checks with ERC‑7484. It'll help ensure everything's on the up-and-up! This basically makes sure that the module you're about to install is from a trusted source and has already gone through an audit. Take a look at this link: (eips.ethereum.org). It’s worth checking out!
Compliance stance from the US and EU viewpoint.
Clarifying custody: Just a heads up--when we mention “hosted” wallets, keep in mind they could come with some money transmitter obligations. On the other hand, those MPC/AA setups are often non-custodial, which is a pretty cool feature. But at the end of the day, it all boils down to the nitty-gritty--like, who’s actually allowed to move the funds by themselves? Be sure to jot this down nice and early. (kelman.law).

So, here's the scoop on the Travel Rule and unhosted wallets. Basically, the FATF is encouraging Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs) to step up their game when it comes to handling risks associated with peer-to-peer transactions and unhosted wallets. It's all about being smart and staying ahead of potential issues! Hey there! Just a heads-up--if you're working with fiat ramps or handling custodial services, you might find that you need to set up some counterpart controls. It's pretty common, so don't stress about it too much! (skadden.com).

7) Concrete, modern UX patterns that work

You've got default passkeys, plus optional recovery keys if you need them. Promoting cloud-synced passkeys is definitely a smart move! For those important users, think about providing hardware key linking or QR authentication as alternative backup options. It could really enhance their experience! To avoid any confusion and keep things running smoothly, it's best to stick with the wording FIDO uses. That way, you won't risk getting locked out. (fidoalliance.org).
Enjoy quick and easy one-tap actions using session keys.
You can set up a session that runs anywhere from 15 to 60 minutes. It’s designed just for you, based on a specific contract, the functions you need, and a price limit that fits your budget. Oh, and there's this super helpful banner that says “Expires at hh:mm” just to keep you updated on everything! You’ll often find this feature in Starknet’s AA wallets, as well as in the modular 6900 and 7579 plugins. Take a look at it over at starknet.io. You might find it pretty interesting!

You'll be able to enjoy gasless transactions at first, which is a nice little "aha!" moment. After that, you'll just use transparent USDC for any gas fees. Alright, let’s skip the tech jargon for now. For the first steps, we’ll show “Included by [Brand],” and then we can change it to “Just pay a small network fee in USDC,” with a quick little note explaining what that means.
Circle’s paymaster is here to solve the nagging question: “Where can I grab some ETH?” Take a look at this! You can find it right here: circle.com.

Chain-free navigation
Just leave out the chain selector completely. If your app works with different chains, you might want to route everything through CCTP and intents. Another option to keep things straightforward is using a chain-abstraction layer, like Universal Accounts. This way, you can stick to just showing the main actions--like buying, selling, minting, or sending--without getting bogged down in the details. It's all about making the user experience smoother!
(developers.circle.com).

8) A 30/60/90‑day rollout plan (what to ship when)

Days 1-30: We're kicking things off with the MVP on Base. Alright, let’s get things rolling! First up, go ahead and set up that passkey login, and don’t forget to incorporate an embedded smart account--either 7702 or 4337 will do the trick. Once you’ve got that in place, kick things off with the sponsor's first action. And while you're at it, mix in Stripe Onramp for USDC on Base. Oh, and keep a lookout for any userOp failures; make sure you log them and send out alerts when they pop up. You've got this! Take a look at the details right here: (docs.stripe.com). It's worth checking out!
Days 31-60: Let’s dive into permissions and the whole USDC gas situation. Alright, here's the plan: First, we need to get those session keys set up for the main flows. Then, let’s activate USDC gas using Circle Paymaster. After that, we should keep an eye on the bundler SLOs, and finally, run the 4337 bundler compatibility suite in our CI. Sounds good? Take a look at it over at circle.com. You might find it interesting!

Alright, so let’s dive into days 61 to 90. During this time, we're really focusing on chain abstraction and cross-chain stuff. It’s all about expanding our horizons and making sure everything connects smoothly across different platforms. Pretty exciting, right? We're excited to launch CCTP V2, which means you can now make super speedy cross-chain USDC transfers in just seconds! And, to make things even easier, we're introducing optional Universal Accounts so you can enjoy that hassle-free “one balance” experience. Oh, and just a quick reminder: we'll be diving into UniswapX intents for those cross-chain swaps! Don't miss it! (circle.com).

9) Example: USDC‑gas AA write in TypeScript (viem + permissionless.js)

import { http, createClient } from "viem";
import { base } from "viem/chains";
import { bundlerActions, toSimpleSmartAccount } from "permissionless";

// 1) Create a bundler client (swap in your vendor URL)
const bundler = createClient({
  chain: base,
  transport: http(process.env.BUNDLER_RPC!) // e.g., Pimlico/Alchemy/your own
}).extend(bundlerActions);

// 2) Create/load a smart account (4337) or use a 7702 account via your wallet SDK
const account = await toSimpleSmartAccount({
  client: bundler, // or a public client
  owner: /* your signer (e.g., passkey/privkey) */
});

// 3) Send a UserOperation that writes to your contract
const uoHash = await bundler.sendUserOperation({
  account,
  calls: [{
    to: "0xYourContract",
    data: "0xYourCalldata"
  }],
  // Optionally attach a paymaster for sponsored or USDC-gas flows
});
console.log("userOp:", uoHash);

If you're getting into Circle Paymaster or thinking about setting up your own policy paymaster, definitely check out the paymaster helpers from permissionless.js. They can really make your life easier! Hey, just a quick reminder: it's really important to make sure that your EntryPoint version matches up with your account setup. Take a look at this: github.com. You'll find some really cool stuff there!

10) Pitfalls we see most often (and how to avoid them)

Mempool/version mismatch: So, if you’re using accounts on v0, you might run into some issues. 6 while your bundler is running on version 0. 7/0. If you’re not careful, you could run into some problems. Just a heads up, make sure you pick your EntryPoint target and stay consistent with it in all your different environments. It's really important to keep things uniform! If you want to check if your app is compatible while it's running, you can use the supportedEntryPoints RPC. It's a handy way to keep things running smoothly! (alchemy.com).
Vendor lock-in: It’s a good idea to go for standards like the 6900/7579 modules and 1271/6492 signatures. Also, don’t forget to keep an eye on permissions as they come out. It’ll save you some headaches down the road! This way, you can easily switch up your wallet stacks later on without any fuss. (eips.ethereum.org).
Filling in recovery gaps with passkeys: Make sure to turn on multi-device sync, and don’t forget to set up those backup options. It can really save you in a pinch! Make sure your recovery documentation is super easy to find and simple to understand. Don’t stash it away where no one can see it! If you want to dive a bit deeper, take a look at FIDO’s guidelines for some helpful best practices. (fidoalliance.org).
Gas sponsorship issues: It's important to put some measures in place, like enforcing spending limits for each account. Also, make sure to maintain a list of approved methods and set up some barriers for simulations. It’s smart to keep an eye on the paymaster's stake and how they rate-limit things during each session. Check out Pimlico’s examples; they’re a great place to kick things off! (github.com).
Cross-chain UX drift: If you're exploring chain abstraction, make sure to keep your product's language chain-agnostic. This way, you'll appeal to a wider audience! Let the routers figure out the best paths to take--kind of like what we see with CCTP V2 and intents. And hey, let’s keep the receipts nice and simple, too! (circle.com).

The bottom line

When you think about chain abstraction as the product, that’s really where your user experience shines. It becomes your secret weapon. The 2025 stack is shaping up to be pretty exciting! It’s packed with some cool stuff like EIP-7702 smart EOAs, ERC-4337 accounts, and even passkeys. Plus, we’ve got USDC gas paymasters and cross-chain intents on the list. All of this means that those “no wallet” transactions we’ve been dreaming about are finally becoming a reality--practical, affordable, and secure! How awesome is that?

Alright, so here's the deal: kick things off with Base, add in some passkeys, and don’t forget about using USDC for gas fees. Once you’ve got that sorted, you can sprinkle in some session keys and CCTP. After you've nailed those basics, then you're ready to tackle the more complicated stuff with chain-abstraction layers. If you need someone to take care of the AA/paymaster plumbing, policy engine, and observability from the very start, you should check out 7Block Labs. They've got some solid blueprints ready to go for both consumer and enterprise stacks! They can definitely help you get things moving faster and see results more quickly.

References and resources (selected)

Hey, don’t miss out on the Pectra mainnet activation! If you’re curious about EIP-7702, you can find all the details over at ethereum.org. It’s definitely worth checking out! Check out the ERC‑4337 docs and see what’s going on with the bundler compatibility suite over at erc4337.io. There's some exciting stuff happening! Hey! Curious about the Circle Paymaster for USDC gas? You can check out all the pricing details right here. Hey, looking to keep an eye on gas prices? You should definitely swing by the Base and Polygon PoS gas trackers at basescan.org. It's super handy!

Check out the latest guidelines on passkeys from the FIDO Alliance! You can check everything out right here. It's all laid out for you! Hey there! If you're curious about ERC-6900/7579 modular accounts and ERC-7715 permissions, check out the awesome info over at eips.ethereum.org. They’ve got everything you need to know! Hey, make sure to take a look at Privy's embedded wallets! They've got some cool features like multi-factor authentication and session signers. You can find all the info you need right here. If you want to make quick USDC transfers, check out CCTP V2 right here. It’s a pretty cool tool that can really speed things up!
Be sure to check out the latest updates on UniswapX RFQ v2 and the standardization of cross-chain intents over at docs.uniswap.org. There's some exciting stuff happening!

With 7Block Labs, you have the freedom to pick your own tech stack and get a “no wallet” MVP up and running in just a few weeks. Plus, you can safely expand it across different chains whenever you’re ready!